This question asks about how we can possibly know that our mesorah (tradition) is correct since we lost the chain of smicha. But what is so important about a chain of blankets? Such things are useful for prison-breaks, but how do they help us maintain our tradition? Perhaps something useful was written on them?
From the question, I gather that Moshe had a blanket to which Yehoshua attached his own blanket and that this continued throughout the generations. If this continued through generations until the times of the gemara as that question suggests, that must have been quite a large chain of blankets! How could it possibly have been lost?!
Answer
It's not exactly a chain; it's more of a sequence of events. The s'micha is used for kinyan during the ordination, so the recipient can acquire his status without doubt. Both the student and the rabbi grasp the corners of the blanket during the ceremony. (Some require them to also review the first chapter of Bava Metzia during the ceremony.)
The blanket -- the very one that Moshe gave Yehoshua -- was supposed to be kept safe in Yerushalayim, with all rabbis going there to receive their new status. But the blanket has been lost (I blame Rome), and with it the ability to grant true s'micha status. It is hoped that when Moshiach comes he will be carrying a bundle of wool.
Why is kinyan needed at all? As we know, each generation since Sinai has been less than the one before; this is why we don't overturn prior halacha. Why is each generation diminished? Because each act of granting s'micha actually transfers a bit of the grantor's s'micha-essence to the grantee. The acquisition of this s'micha thus requires kinyan, because it is an actual transfer of ownership. This is like giving somebody a cutting from a plant so he can grow a whole new one; here we are giving somebody a bit of the Tree of Life, the torah, and hoping it will grow further. But new growth isn't as complete as old growth, hence the gradual diminishing since Sinai.
I was asked in a comment:
[...] why can't another object be used (or why can't we make a new blanket)?
You want to use something other than Moshe's sacred blanket, or, worse yet, make a new blanket? Shall we also convene a new Sanhedrin today to overturn pesky, no-longer-necessary halachot like yom tov sheni? And from there we could go on to building the Temple -- why continue to settle for a diminished state when we have the means to fix it? No, in all of these cases we must wait for Ha Kadosh Baruch Hu to enact the divine plan in its proper time -- when Eliyahu returns with the holy blanket we can resume true s'micha, and until then we will just have to make do with what we have.
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