Thursday, June 14, 2018

physical chemistry - How does intramolecular hydrogen bonding cause the molecules to be separated from each other?



I learnt about intramolecular hydrogen bonding today, which occurs between molecules such as ortho-nitrophenol. What I was told is that in case of intramolecular bonding, the molecules separate from each other, opposite of what happens during intermolecular hydrogen bonding.


I don't understand why is this. Why would attraction within a molecule cause separation of the molecules? There is obviously some intermolecular hydrogen bonding present in this case, but I understand that this might be negligible. Still, why should the molecules spread away from each other?




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periodic trends - Comparing radii in lithium, beryllium, magnesium, aluminium and sodium ions

Apparently the of last four, $\ce{Mg^2+}$ is closest in radius to $\ce{Li+}$. Is this true, and if so, why would a whole larger shell ($\ce{...