For centuries Idol Worship was extremely popular across the ancient world & even in the Jewish community. I highly doubt that all these people were busy building & worshipping statutes based solely on faith & tradition so HaShem must have allowed these practitioners to benefit from this practice. Is there any textual evidence to support this?
Answer
According to Avodah Zarah 55a, yes, Hashem allowed idolatrous practices to be effective in order to lead them astray:
א"ל רבא בר רב יצחק לרב יהודה האיכא בית עבודת כוכבים באתרין דכי מצטריך עלמא למטרא מתחזי להו בחלמא ואמר להו שחטו לי גברא ואייתי מטרא שחטו לה גברא ואתי מטרא
Rava Bar Rav Yitzchak said to Rav Yehudah, “Isn’t there a house of idol worship in our area, that when the world needs rain, it appears to them in a dream and says to them, ‘Slaughter for me a man and I will bring rain,’ and they slaughter for it a man, and it rains?”
א"ל השתא אי הוי שכיבנא לא אמרי לכו הא מלתא דאמר רב מאי דכתיב (דברים ד, יט) אשר חלק ה' אלהיך אותם לכל העמים מלמד שהחליקן בדברים כדי לטורדן מן העולם
He said to him, “Now, were I dead, I could not have told you this matter which Rav said: ‘What is that which is written (Devarim 4:19), “Which Hashem your G-d has separated them from the nations”? This teaches that Hashem separates them with matters in order to remove them from the world.’”
והיינו דאמר ריש לקיש מאי דכתיב (משלי ג, לד) אם ללצים הוא יליץ ולענוים יתן חן בא לטמא פותחין לו בא לטהר מסייעין אותו
This is that which Reish Lakish said: “What is that which is written (Mishlei 3:34), ‘If to the scoffers, He will scoff, but to the humble He gives grace’? One who comes to become impure, they open for him; one who comes to become pure, they help him.”
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