Monday, January 30, 2017

thermodynamics - What is the difference between enthalpy (H) and heat (q)?


It seems that in some cases it's the same (that is, $\Delta Q_p=\Delta H$) yet in others they differ. For example, \begin{align} \ce{2H2(g) + O2(g) &->2H2O(l)} & \Delta H &= -572~\mathrm{kJ} \end{align}



The answer for one mole of $\ce{H2O}$ produced is $\mathrm{-572\times 0.5~kJ}$. Is this under the assumption of constant pressure? Therefore it's $\Delta Q_p=\Delta H$?




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periodic trends - Comparing radii in lithium, beryllium, magnesium, aluminium and sodium ions

Apparently the of last four, $\ce{Mg^2+}$ is closest in radius to $\ce{Li+}$. Is this true, and if so, why would a whole larger shell ($\ce{...