I was having a discussion with a colleague and we couldn't recall how they both worked. Does 一人以上 mean a) 1 or more persons or b) more than one person?
Answer
According to the Wikipedia article on these two, 以下 and 以上 include the number that precedes them.
５０以上 => 50 or more
５０以下 => 50 or less
If you want to exclude the number on the upper end (instead of 以下) use 未満(みまん).
１０００円未満 (less than 1,000 yen, not including 1,000)
I had a few different discussions (and taking Ito-san's point below as well) about this - 超 seems to be used (?) but I've never really heard it. In this case we would probably go back to standard grammar using a verb instead:
１０００円を超える（こえる)
If there was really a need to exclude a certain number in the case of 以上, you could always add 1 to it -- e.g.
１００１円以上
Although that seems strange too. Maybe there's not much of a use for that kind of term?
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