I understand that である is the "written" form of だ/です. Because it's a "written" form, doesn't that already imply a certain level of formality? So when would one use であります as opposed to just である? If you can, please give examples.
Answer
である is formal, but not polite
であります is formal and polite, but not humble
でございます is formal and polite and humble
だ is informal, but not polite
- です is informal-* and polite
*- compared to である
A politician giving a speech on TV:
我々は日本国民である - We are Japanese citizens
A lawyer speaking to a judge: (I think this usage is rare though...)
この通りであります - It (happended) this way
A waiter speaking to a customer:
ざるそばでございます - (This) is zarusoba
One friend to another:
ケチなやつだね - That guys is really stingy, huh?
One coworker to another:
すみません今ちょっと忙しいです - I'm sorry, I'm busy just now
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