Sunday, November 11, 2018

grammar - Adjectives and particles が に


Adjectives describe a noun which is marked by が.




僕は料理が得意。



Could it be rewritten as



僕には料理が得意。



Or is it wrong?


Regarding adjectives, a sentence like this would be correct:




僕にはペンが必要です。



Would a sentence like the following one be correct?



僕がペンを必要する。



(I think I should say 必要にする, but I am not sure.)



Answer




僕には料理が得意。




is simply ungrammatical.



僕にはペンが必要です。



is grammatical only because 必要だ can take two arguments (AがBに) as word-specific feature, not that it's a universal grammar for adjectives. It's like the English word worth can have an object but most other adjectives can't.


Other adjectives that take に include ふさわしい (あなたが隊長にふさわしい) and 夢中だ (僕は君に夢中だ) etc., but basically you have to learn one by one.


And as already pointed out in comments above:



× 僕がペンを必要する。

僕がペンを必要にする。 → I make the pens necessary.
僕がペンを必要とする。 → I necessiate a pen.



na-adjective + にする results in a verb "make ... adjective" and とする "regard ... adjective".


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