From what I can tell they both mean "Because of", and the only differences in meaning I can see seem to be very subtle.
あっての:
とあって:
As far as I can tell, the only difference is that あっての proceeds and follows a noun, while とあって can proceed and follow a sentence. Is there some other difference between these?
Answer
Firstly, they are grammatically different. With あっての, both A and B have to be noun phrases, and the result is a noun phrase. With とあって, A can be a noun phrase or a clause, and B has to be a clause, the result being a clause.
Secondly, the focus is different. あっての emphasizes that B could not be without A, whereas this connection is weaker with とあって. With とあって, B tends to be the main point which the speaker is trying to get across, and A is added as extra explanation.
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