Friday, June 30, 2017

は and が - Using は before 欲しい instead が


I was doing some exercises and the book that I'm using translated:




I don't want shoes



to



靴は欲しくないです



I answered using が particle instead は, since, as far as I know, I should use が before 欲しい. So why did the book use は this time?


I imagined that the reason is to make a contrast/comparison that は provide. Is that why?



Answer




"I want xxx." vs. "I do not want xxx."


When you want something, you will generally say:



「XXX + + ほしい」



and when you do not want something, you will generally say:



「XXX + + ほしくない」



The only times you can and must use 「XXX + + ほしくない」 is when it is used in the if-clause or relative clause. Thus, it is correct to say:




Relative Clause:「靴{くつ} + + 欲{ほ}しくない人は靴屋{くつや}へは行かない。」


"A person who does not want shoes would not go to a shoestore."


If-Clause:「靴 + + 欲しくなければ、なんで靴屋に来たの?」


"If you do not want shoes, why did you come to a shoestore?"



Moving on...


The contrastive 「は」


This is essentially a different topic from what has been discussed above.


It is correct to say:




「靴 + + 欲しくない。」



when you do not want shoes but want another thing. Thus, you can say:



「靴欲しくないけど、ジーンズ欲しい。」



That is a pair of contrastive は's. "I don't want shoes, but I want some jeans."



I imagined that the reason is to make a contrast/comparison that は provides. Is that why?




No, as I stated above. We are talking about two different things. One is affirmative vs. negative. The other is contrastive.


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