Wednesday, August 1, 2018

What are the different types of van der Waals forces?


As per different websites on internet van der Waals force are of




  • Three types (Keesom force, Debye force and London dispersion force) @ Wikipedia

  • Two types (Dipole-dipole force/Keesome force and London dispersion force) @chemguide and chemwiki


While an expert website also explained H-bonds to be a van der Waals force.


I'm confused. What is originally correct?



Answer



The definition of van der Waals forces according to IUPAC. Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book"). Compiled by A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford (1997). XML on-line corrected version: http://goldbook.iupac.org (2006-) created by M. Nic, J. Jirat, B. Kosata; updates compiled by A. Jenkins. ISBN 0-9678550-9-8., is as follows:



The attractive or repulsive forces between molecular entities (or between groups within the same molecular entity) other than those due to bond formation or to the electrostatic interaction of ions or of ionic groups with one another or with neutral molecules. The term includes: dipole–dipole, dipole-induced dipole and London (instantaneous induced dipole-induced dipole) forces. The term is sometimes used loosely for the totality of nonspecific attractive or repulsive intermolecular forces.




The phrase "other than those due to bond formation or to the electrostatic interaction of ions or of ionic groups with one another or with neutral molecules" would seem to imply that according to the IUPAC Gold Book, if a force is not an ionic or covalent chemical bond or electrostatic interaction, then it is a van der Waals force.


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