Monday, November 6, 2017

kinetics - Second order reaction with two reactants



I'm interested in the second order reaction $\ce{A + B -> P}$. Mass action kinetics is assumed.



Let $[A]_0 = a$ and $[B]_0 = b$, then $[A] = a - x$ and $[B] = b - x$. The rate law becomes


$$-\frac{\mathrm dx}{\mathrm dt} = -k([A]_0 - x)([B]_0 - x)$$



Why is the right-hand side of the differential equation negative? Shouldn't it just be the left side when we look at the decrease of the reactant $\ce{A}$? Or is it because $x$ is equal to the concentration of $\ce{P}$?




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